Wednesday, September 2, 2020
International marketing Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words
Worldwide promoting - Assignment Example 67). The Coca-Cola brand is presently sold in more than 200 nations. The Coca-Cola Company head quarter is arranged in Atlanta, Georgia (Susan, Douglas &Samuel 2005, p.91). The organization has too utilized more than 300, 000 workers around the globe. Over 70% of the companyââ¬â¢s items are sold in global market. Because of its openness and sponsored cost, the brand has ended up being one of the most favored soda pop on the planet. The companyââ¬â¢s achievement in worldwide market is altogether realized by its successful globalization procedures and solid toehold in numerous nations. The companyââ¬â¢s fundamental contenders are: Cadbury-Schweppes and PepsiCo. Coca-cola anyway mollusks over 47% of the worldwide market, with PepsiCo and Cadbury-Schweppes asserting 21% and 8% separately. The exposition beneath thusly looks to disclose the Coca-Cola Company normalization technique and its effects on worldwide market. ... The fundamental point of this methodology is to coordinate its worldwide activity by empowering solid authoritative culture. Coca-Cola Company has over the most recent 25 years deliberately changed its normalization procedure to fulfill showcase needs and customersââ¬â¢ needs (Calof and Beamish 2005, p. 131). 1996 normalization technique In 1996, the organization embraced an exceptionally unbending normalization system which was planned for delivering comparative kind of coke brand to all nations over the world. The organization accordingly created Coca-Cola brand with comparative quality, amount, and substance in the entirety of its worldwide creation plants (Coca-Cola site, 2012, standard. 4). The container structure and marking were also indistinguishable. This methodology was not the same as the past system which concentrated on creating divergent brand in various markets. The new system was in this way, spoke to by slogan ââ¬Å"think worldwide, act globalâ⬠. The procedu re end up being very accomplishment in numerous pieces of the world (Zyman 2009, P. 23). Subsequently, the organization enlisted perhaps the most elevated benefit in its history. In 1997, the Coca-Cola Company earned 67% of its complete income. Normalizing its items additionally advocated the companyââ¬â¢s Coca-Cola items in worldwide market. Normalizing worldwide fund Following the 1999 monetary emergencies in Asian nations, the Coca-Cola Company chose to improve its system by normalizing its worldwide costs. This was because of the gigantic misfortune that was caused by the organization in 1999 money related year. The organization saw a 33% diminishing in its benefit. To forestall future misfortune, the organization picked to blend the costs of its items on the planet so as to overwhelm the worldwide market. To guarantee worthiness and productivity of the Coca-Cola brand, the organization utilized misfortune
Saturday, August 22, 2020
Autonomy in elderly care: A literature review
Self-sufficiency in old consideration: A writing audit Presentation More seasoned people in history have been viewed as needy as a result of the physical body changes that accompany becoming more established. These physical changes extraordinarily influence the ordinary working and the adequacy with which they work and subsequently the requirement for outside help both at the physical and social levels (Agich, 2003). As the physical vitality fades, so does the degree of action not exclusively to help themselves truly yet in addition on a more extensive scale. It is these very changes that uncover the issues of care and reliance of more seasoned people on parental figures as well as family support. Be that as it may and essential to note, as in the remainder of other social gatherings, more established people are a heterogeneous gathering as far as sexual orientation, race, culture, class and something else (Bond and Corner, 2004) and in this way, there needs change likewise. Further, as Bond and Cabrero (113: 2007) call attention to, mental and physi cal inadequacy and inability which lead to reliance are basic generalizations of human maturing. More established individuals in care or not have been viewed as delicate and subsequently unfit to decide, impart, and participate in important associations with their general condition. Therefore, their self-governance in care has been undermined. Jacob (1999) refered to in Townsend (2009) mixes it further that experts and groups of more established individuals also intentionally and unknowingly bear biased suspicions about them. To this end, this paper investigates self-governance of more established individuals in care top to bottom, assesses existing social work practice and proposes systems to guarantee the two parental figures and administration clients advance a reliance that would help in fortifying control and regard for administration clients. Collopy (1988) characterizes self-sufficiency as a lot of thoughts that advance opportunity, self-assurance, freedom that is connoting control and the ability to settle on choices by the person. From a clinical view point once one is conceded into care they are not well and in this manner can't adapt on their own not to mention decide. Along these lines, they are seen as patients who are debilitated and in this way need to rely upon parental figures. Nonetheless, one miracles whether every single more seasoned individual are debilitated on all fronts. In any event, when they are delicate, do the Caregivers have adequate mastery to mingle and speak with them? These and different inquiries remain to a great extent unanswered. This view in this way will in general overlook the qualities and capacities of the more established people. Like Runciman refered to in Bond and Corner (2004) clarifies, in understanding societal position, it is progressively important to examine people from their viewpoint and qualities so as right decisions are made about them. Like all other social gatherings, more seasoned individuals also would be better comprehended from the view purpose of their ordinary encounters at an individual level other than forcing what we believe is best for them. This would infer that understanding more established personsââ¬â¢ wants implies a ton to them as opposed to expecting that we realize all they need. Comprehension of Autonomy and Care for Older Persons Contextually Independence as an idea suggests an alternate arrangement of implications relying upon the setting or setting. It is characterized distinctively it could be said that it implies various things to various clients and in this way taking one importance or utilization would especially entangle its very use at the diverse social and cultural levels all in all (Agich, 2003). The way that it explains various implications and characteristics, in care for more seasoned people as well, would be a significant test for both the administration clients and the Caregivers themselves. Self-sufficiency as a social perfect under the appearance of opportunity of decision particularly in the western setting is especially seen as a fundamental component for any person. Concerning United States for instance, opportunity is viewed as an essential of life and in this manner without which, is hardship of a person of a fundamental right (Agich, 2003). Note that this opportunity begins during childbirth all th rough life and along these lines remembering for mature age, regardless of whether in care or not. In care as well, without the freedom for one to propel their decisions would be viewed as corrupting by the administration client and consequently docile to the parental figure (Agich, 2003). Anyway this brings up the issue of what may happen when the administration client is experiencing an extreme psychological weakness? This plainly shows the test of concurring full self-rule to support clients. Then again in nations like South Africa where the older are viewed as significant resources inside their networks, it is contended that opportunity starts with abstaining from removing seniors from their very networks to organized consideration (Lombard and Kruger, 2009). Regulated consideration would be viewed as denying more seasoned people a domain they think about characteristic and satisfying. This involves a situation which permits them to impart their more established age to their friends and relatives; who for this situation realize them better and subsequently relationship stays characteristic. Further, this sort of setting takes into consideration regard and control of more established people dependent on social qualities. In any event, when more established people are intellectually debilitated, the family guardian will comprehend what they have consistently wanted that is, their preferred food, dressings, diversion and so forth. This as it were considers more seasoned peo ple opportunity in a way that is satisfying in this sort of setting. In any case, it can't abandon notice that this sort of setting requires solid family structures that take into account time and money related limit from the relatives to deal with the old. With the spread of neo-radicalism that advances private enterprise and independence, a portion of these particularly more distant family frameworks have separated henceforth rendering more seasoned people powerless to reliance on employed parental figures in a family setting or institutional consideration (Lombard and Kruger, 2009). Assessment of Existing Social Work Practice and Care Provision for Older People In light of the fact that the expectations of care for more established people are viewed as acceptable, the results of both systematized and family care are not generally charming (Talerico, 2004). At the point when administration clients are placed into care, the supposition that will be that it is for the prosperity of the administration clients since they are being given assistance truly, socially and something else. This in numerous a case doesn't generally happen on account of the very idea of how more seasoned individual are seen according to the parental figures. The cultural view of more established people misdirect parental figures of the limits and qualities that administration clients have. As Townsend (2006) conjectures it, these very discernments bring forth the thoughts of ââ¬Ëstructured dependenceââ¬â¢ for more seasoned people. For instance a circumstance where the state intentionally presents structures and approaches like necessary institutional consideration for more established people that are particularly supported by the very debilitating and one-sided recognitions held emphatically by society. Parental figures base their comprehension of administration clients on the very thoughts they grow up with which by and large misleads their treatment of more seasoned people (Jacobs, 1999 refered to in Townsend, 2003). In which case, administration clients wind up in a troublesome circumstance that is, can't voice their interests either in light of the fact that the general condition isn't sufficiently strong or inspired by a paranoid fear of reprisal from the parental figures (Townsend, 2006). In an examination directed in the United Kingdom by ââ¬ËHelp the Aged Internationalââ¬â¢ (2002), more seasoned people in long haul care have endured a progression of blows halfway because of the absence of value affirmation on part of the organizations and furthermore an absence of capability from the guardians on the best way to speak with administration clients to convey the necessary administrations (Townsend, 2006). An exemplary model in this examination features a lady who was expe riencing Alzheimerââ¬â¢s illness; she was biting the dust of parchedness yet nobody could tell and she at last passed on. This is plainly a sign of absence of aptitude on part of the Caregivers and too a marker of numerous other people who are in the equivalent or surprisingly more terrible off circumstance. Assume control over shows of how reliance on Caregiver can get muddled particularly when there is an ailing in aptitudes or quality affirmation by the parental figures whether in institutional or family setting. Then again, not many examinations investigate the experience of more seasoned personsââ¬â¢ self-rule in care, regardless of whether in standardized or family in the creating scene. In any case, in an investigation directed in South Africa, there means that a move in arrangement of fundamentally removing more established people from organized consideration to network based consideration with a perspective on keeping them closer to their friends and relatives (Lombard and Kruger, 2009). Be that as it may, because of issues of neo-radicalism which advance private enterprise and independence, this leaves more established people in family care at much more serious hazard as would-be parental figures settle on work and recruit guardians who regardless of the social connection with these more seasoned people, are minimal known to the administration clients. Regardless of being in family settings, little is known whether the employed parental figures advance estimations of inclinations an d control of more seasoned people. This places the issues of important connections and reliance being referred to for the more established individual in this sort of setting. As refered to by Zubi and Conolly (2013), also in situations where the institutional consideration exists, there are instances of understaffing and under financing of care exercises for more seasoned people. Therefore, this raises the degrees of weakness and passionate fatigue which prompts bargain in the nature of care. This is a reasonable portrayal that with burnout of parental figures, self-assurance of administration clients is nothing that would be given need. Further, in an examination directed by Leece and harmony (2009), in whic
Friday, August 21, 2020
A Guide To Written Responses Macroeconomics
Question: Examine about the Short Written Responses Macroeconomics. Answer: Presentation: Genuine GDP is one of the proportions of monetary execution of a nation. Especially, it is a financial pointer that determines the estimation of all yield that are created inside a specific year by a nation. In spite of the fact that it is broadly acknowledged, this measure is an inconsistent pointer of the ways of life in a nation. To start with, GDP overestimates the ways of life. It is expected that higher GDP demonstrates better expectations of living (Buck 2008). In any case, higher financial development may happen because of expanded monetary exercises that may bring about expanded contamination, clog in the urban communities and towns, and working more hours (Williams 2013). Thus, this conditions may prompt weariness, unexpected frailty, and poor ecological conditions. Along these lines, genuine GDP is a temperamental marker of expectations for everyday comforts. Moreover, it disregards the underground market as financial exercises in this market are excluded from its calculation. A few countries have a critical level of monetary exercises that are barred in light of the fact that they don't occur in the proper market framework, yet numerous people and families rely upon them, subsequently encouraging good ways of life (Buck 2008). Quite, expectations for everyday comforts are not exclusively about the utilization of administrations and merchandise. Regularly, the key factors in expectations for everyday comforts may involve the level of popular government, opportunity, and freedom of people, yet the genuine GDP pointer does exclude this in its calculation. Moreover, recreation, which is a significant supporter of the personal satisfaction is prohibited in the calculation of genuine GDP (Pettinger 2008). Joblessness is a condition in the economy where people who are capable and ready to work can't get a new line of work at the predominant monetary conditions. There are different types of joblessness, among them recurrent, basic, frictional, and regular joblessness. Today, there are different reasons why the different kinds of joblessness happen. Repetitive joblessness regularly results when laborers lose their positions because of financial downturns in the total interest of a nation (Amadeo 2016). During downturns, organizations contract their activities and are compelled to lay off a portion of their laborers. Subsequently, this causes joblessness. Correspondingly, auxiliary joblessness emerges because of the confuse of aptitudes and mastery in the economy. Frequently, the befuddle is brought about by elements, for example, geological idle statuses, word related fixed statuses, innovative change, or basic changes in the economy. Then again, Frictional joblessness emerges during the time which people move starting with one employment then onto the next (Krulick, n.d.). Albeit a portion of the joblessness types can be diminished through government endeavors, some joblessness are unavoidable because of the presence of cost of employing individuals Expenses to recruiting outside the willful connection among laborers and bosses bring about joblessness and are subsequently unavoidable. Factors, for example, least wages, corporate duties, licensure laws and administrative changes increment the expense of recruiting (Prince 2010). Dominatingly, on the off chance that it costs the organization more to employ a person than the activity is worth, at that point the activity neglects to exist. In this manner, this makes hindrances to work creation, making certain types of joblessness unavoidable. All in all, the announcement indicating that an ascent in the value level inside an economy prompts swelling is pleasing. Basically, swelling is depicted as the industrious ascent in the general value level in a specific economy (Harvey 2011). It is essential that the constant upsurge in the costs inside an economy adds up to a critical fall in the buying influence of cash in that economy. The condition results from a variety of inward and outer factors inside and outside the economy. Different ways of thinking buy in to the conviction that swelling results from either a generous increment in cash flexibly or a decrease in the gracefully of products inside a given economy. Huge increments in the gracefully of cash that are not joined by a proportionate increment in the flexibly of good and administrations makes inordinate interest for yield. The exorbitant total interest makes pressure, accordingly making the costs for merchandise and ventures rise. Thusly, this prompts an interest pull expansion. Moreover, swelling may emerge when the costs of key factor input increment. Because of ascend in input costs, makers might be compelled to move the expenses to customers as far as more significant expenses for their items or lessen the flexibly of their yield. At the point when the flexibly of merchandise decreases because of cost pressure, deficiencies may emerge prompting an expansion in costs (McMahon 2008). Thus, this prompts cost push expansion. Along these lines, the strengthening of costs in an economy prompts a rise in swelling. The total interest bend is a graphical delineation of the amount of administrations and merchandise requested by the economy at different value levels (Arthur Sheffrin 2003). Ordinarily, the vertical hub is plotted with the costs while the even hub is plotted with the genuine yield for that year. The AD bend is descending slanting. There are different clarifications that clarify this event. The principal reason relates to the Pigous riches impact. Accordingly, the ostensible worth is consistent while the genuine estimation of cash relies upon the costs. In this manner, for some random degree of cash gracefully, a lower value implies a higher buying power. Consequently, when the value level decays, people are wealthier and execute more (Arthur Sheffrin 2003). Thus, an abatement in costs of item energizes private uses, subsequently improving the AD. The Keynes loan fee impact can likewise clarify the incline of the AD bend (Friedrich 1989). As costs increment, people need more cash for their exchanges, yet the gracefully of cash is consistent (Friedrich 1989). Hence, overabundance interest for cash causes loan fees to increment. As loan fees rise, spending decreases, and GDP likewise diminishes. The net fares impact can likewise clarify the negative slant. As cost level ascents, interest for imports increments while interest for trades drops. In this way, the net fares level drops. Given that net fares is a part of GDP, a decrease in net fares prompts a decrease in genuine GDP (Friedrich 1989). The since quite a while ago run total gracefully bend is a graphical representation of the association among yield and value level over the long haul. It covers the flexibly side of the absolute market. Naturally, the LRAS is vertical and mirrors the self-ruling connection among costs and total genuine creation (Pettinger 2011). All things considered, the LRAS bend is vertical since it is expected that the economy is working ideally and just factors, for example, capital, work and innovation can influence the flexibly bend. Without anyone else, the LAS is just influenced by those elements that influence the general potential yield (Pettinger 2011). Along these lines, the LRAS is static since it moves slowest now and changed in total interest just purpose an impermanent change in the countrys all out yield. Hence, there is just a single potential yield amount that is provided in the economy paying little mind to the overall costs. Conversely, the short-run total flexibly bend is has a positive incline. For the most part, this is ascribed to the way that organizations increment the cost level as interest for their administrations and item builds (Pettinger 2011). At the point when the cost level expands, firms additionally increment the amount provided of the item. In this manner, in the short run, there is a positive association between the costs and the measure of good and administrations provided in a specific economy (Pettinger 2011). Thus, the positive connection between the costs and the degree of yield clarifies why the total flexibly bend inclines upwards. Reference List Amadeo, K. (2016). 7 Main Causes of Unemployment [Online] The Balance. Accessible at: https://www.thebalance.com/reasons for joblessness 7-primary reasons-3305596 [Accessed 1 Jan. 2017]. Arthur, OS, and Sheffrin, SM, 2003, Economics: Principles in real life, Pearson Prentice Hall, New Jersey. Buck, J. (2008). Restrictions of Using GDP as a Measure of Quality of Life [Online] Economic Perspective. Accessible at: https://econperspectives.blogspot.co.ke/2008/08/constraints of-utilizing gross domestic product as-measure-of.html [Accessed 1 Jan. 2017]. Friedrich, H, 1989, The Collected Works of F.A Hayek, University of Chicago Press. Harvey, J. (2011). What Actually Causes Inflation (and who gains from it) [Online] Forbes. Accessible at: https://www.forbes.com/locales/johntharvey/2011/05/30/what-really causes-expansion/#64678b2a4ad2 [Accessed 1 Jan. 2017]. Kruglick, A. (2010). What causes joblessness? [Online] Debt.org. Accessible at: https://www.debt.org/employments/joblessness/US/[Accessed 1 Jan. 2017]. McMahon, T. (2008). What Causes Inflation? [Online] Inflation Data. Accessible at: https://inflationdata.com/articles/2008/07/16/expansion circumstances and logical results/[Accessed 1 Jan. 2017]. Pettinger, T. (2008). Troubles in Measuring Living Standards [Online] Economics Help. Accessible at: https://www.economicshelp.org/blog/251/improvement/challenges in-estimating expectations for everyday comforts/[Accessed 1 Jan. 2017]. Pettinger, T. (2011). Distinction among SRAS and LRAS [Online] Economics Help. Accessible at: https://www.economicshelp.org/blog/2860/uncategorized/distinction among sras-and-lras/[Accessed 1 Jan. 2017]. Ruler, K. (2010). What causes joblessness? [Online] Renew America. Accessible at: https://www.renewamerica.com/sections/cost/101013 [Accessed 1 Jan. 2017]. Williams, R. (2008). Why the GDP Is Not A Good Measure of A Nation's Well-Being [Online] Psychology Today. Accessible at: https://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/wired-achievement/201309/why-the-gross domestic product isn't acceptable measure-countries prosperity [Accessed 1 Jan. 2017].
Tuesday, May 26, 2020
Medical School Application Essay - Mastering Preparation Techniques
Medical School Application Essay - Mastering Preparation TechniquesAfter years of preparing for and completing multiple applications, now is the time to turn to medical school primary application essay samples and techniques to get yourself back into good standing with your academic institution. You need to write a well-written first page, which will set you apart from the rest of the applicants that you will be competing against.There are many different ways in which you can research quality practice essays. As a student, you will come across many papers in your college library which may have essays on medical school application. If you want to make a sharp turn in your career, the primary application essay sample techniques will help you write a memorable first page for admission into the best medical school in the United States.The first and foremost technique that you will need to master is writing a personal essay for admission into a medical school. This essay should be less th an one hundred pages long, as it should be focused mainly on describing your interest in studying medicine and how this interest fits with your medical school education requirements.The primary objective of your essay is to talk about why you are applying for medical school admissions and what you intend to do once you get there. Your essays should clearly state your abilities, your previous academic achievements, and your future plans. Make sure that you include personal details about your family, your interests, and your hobbies.The second method of using medical school essay samples is to talk about the actual medical schools that you have already applied to. What do you want to write about? You may have to make the effort to explain your reasoning behind choosing the particular school, as it can be difficult to convince the admissions committee with just an essay.The third method is by using medical school essay samples that you have found on the internet. Many sites give step-b y-step instruction for composing a medical school application essay. Although they may not look very convincing, you may find it easier to follow some of the sample topics provided by these sites than it would be through a textbook.No matter what method you use, it is very important that you stick to your plan and follow the proper application procedure when it comes to medical school application essays. Remember that no matter how hard you try, you still will not be able to impress all the medical school admissions committees. Make sure that you apply for a few medical schools before submitting your application.
Saturday, May 16, 2020
Dantes Inferno a great book of nobility and courage - Free Essay Example
Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 951 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2019/10/30 Category Literature Essay Level High school Topics: Dante's Inferno Essay Did you like this example? Dantes Inferno is a great book of nobility and courage, I actually own a copy. Reading through you will find people who have sinned, being placed in different parts of hell. You can find Cleopatra in the second circle of hell for being lustful in her life. Donââ¬â¢t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Dantes Inferno a great book of nobility and courage" essay for you Create order You can find Brutus, being eternally eaten by one of the three mouths of Lucifer for being treacherous. These places of hell with different figures from the life and history of Dante Alighieri, show of where he thought the sinners from his life should be placed. There are celebrities who could be assigned to the different levels of hell based on their actions. First circle, limbo, in this circle of hell you will find that people who were not baptized or did not believe in a higher being. Here we could place the famous scientist Richard Dawkins. It is known that Dawkins is an Atheist, he has written a book called the God Delusion in which he points out the flaws of religion. Dawkins would be forever stuck in limbo due to him not conforming to the ideas of religion. Second circle, lust, this circle of Hell is designated to those who have sinned of the flesh. In a tornado of sinful souls are forever thrashed around this place, never resting. This is a depiction of how one might think with lustfulness on their minds. We would encounter Tiger Woods in this circle, he was accused and found guilty of adultery by his wife. Having around 120 affairs with different women in his life, I believe that Tiger Woods would be among those souls that are punished the worse in this second stormy circle of Hell. Third circle, gluttony, forever raining from the sky is ice and all around our feet we can hear the moans and shouts of the dammed. Guarded by the beast Cerberus, a hound like creature who is constantly chewing at the flesh of the sinned and eating the souls that stay here. A stinking pit of vile slush on the ground much like that of a pig pen, but much worse. In this circle of Hell, we will find the ex-television show host Paula Deen. In gluttony she stays, due to her overindulgence of food. Fourth circle, greed, this circle of Hell is devoted to those in life who either are hoarders or spend thrifts. Divided into two sections this place is a constant brawl between the hoarders and the spend thrifts. Here we can find the ever-popular Kim Kardashian. She is stuck in this hellish place due to her constant spending in life. The two sides fighting in this pit are an analogy to ones selfishness in life with their belongings. Fifth circle, anger, in this circle we will find the river Styx, which is a river filled with naked and muddy souls, all fighting one another for eternity. We would find the MMA fighter Coner McGregor. Though it is his job to fight, often times McGregor tries to pick fights with people outside the Octagon in which he fights. In his life, McGregor is always angry about losing or not being the best fighter in the world. Sixth circle, heresy, in this circle of hell the heretics are trapped in boxes and burned for eternity. This is the true look of hell I think, with the poem talking of fire and brimstone. Heresy in Dantes words were almost meant to be for people that didnt take a religion at all, but he also talked of religious people in his life in this circle of hell. We could find the famous actor Tom Cruise in the circle; his life was spent practicing scientology which directly goes against the Christian religion. Seventh circle, violence, in the river Phlegethon of boiling blood, we can find the most violent people of modern day society. Someone who I think would be suited for this circle is Chris Brown, he was accused of being violent toward Rhianna. In the poem, The Inferno, it is said that the dammed souls of the seventh circle are placed at different depths of the river Phlegethon of boiling blood in accordance to their violence in life. Dante said in his book that Alexander the Great is sunken up to his eyebrows, I think that Chris brown should be sunken to his head at the least. Eight circle, fraud, this circle is dedicated to those in life were fraudulent. Martha Stewart comes to mind when thinking of this circle of hell. Stewart was accused for fraudulent activity in a security fraud. She would be in the last of the 10 malebolges of the falsifiers. In this malebolge, the cursed are sickened with disease of the worlds. Ninth circle, treachery, this last and final circle of hell is meant for the worst of the sinners, the traitors. Much like the river of boiling blood, the sinners here are stuck in the ice in different positions due to the nature of sins in their lives. Here we could find Simon Cowell, he bedded with his best friends wife. Not only did he sleep with her, but they had a baby together. I think Simon Cowell should be placed face down in the ice not being able to move, or speak. This can be a useful analogy in being ashamed of what one has done in their life. In life, most people will eventually do wrong in the eyes of some religion or another. The Inferno calls to our human nature to do better than you think you can if you believe in a higher power or not. I think Dante wrote a great poem that could change the way people think in 2018.
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
The Indian Removal Act By Andrew Jackson - 877 Words
In the 1830s, The Indian Removal Act was passed, which forced Native tribes such as the Cherokee to move to the west of the Mississippi River. President Jacksonââ¬â¢s actions of the Indian Removal Act lead to the trail of tears, where many Native Americans died along the way. This paper will analyze and explain the different perspectives of the Indian Removal Act. Andrew Jackson discusses that the obligation to help the ââ¬Ësavageââ¬â¢ Native Americans to become civilized and to settle them in the West. But ââ¬Å"we have at the same time lost no opportunity to purchase their lands and thrust them farther into the wilderness.â⬠President Jackson says that these people should be in accordance with the laws of Georgia and Alabama, or they should be forced to leave. This is very strange thinking, because the land was not originally the Americans, but the Native Americans. President Jackson wants the people who have lived on the lands for centuries to comply with the immigrantââ¬â¢s wishes. Jackson proposed the idea of treaties with the Native tribes to move them westward. After some of the tribes willingly agreed to those treaties and were paid, Jackson suggested for the white people to push on even further to the west. He says that it is the duty of the Government to ââ¬Å"to extinguish as soon as possible the Indian title to all lands which Congress themselves have included within their limits.â⬠President Jackson saw the Indians as a nuisance that blocked the expansion into the West. He also sawShow MoreRelatedAndrew Jackson Indian Removal Act Essay1018 Words à |à 5 Pages Andrew Jackson was a General in The United States army, and the 7th president, throughout his presidency he experienced many struggles with the Native Americans like wars and land disputes. In the 1830s he wanted to end these conflicts so he put in place the Indian Removal Act of 1830. I believe Andrew Jackson rightly and correctly removed the Indians. Even though many Indians died along the way Jackson had a reason behind what he did and should not be to blamed for their deaths. Read MoreThe Indian Removal Act and Andrew Jackson Essay588 Words à |à 3 PagesShort Term Essay The Indian Removal Act, inspired by Andrew Jackson; the 7th president of the US and the enhanced ambition for American settlers to find more land in the southwestern regions of North America. The Indian Removal Act enabled Jackson the power of negotiating removal treaties with Indian tribes east of the Mississippi. Among these tribes were: Cherokee, Creek, Choctaw, Chickasaws and Seminoles. Very few authenticated traits were signed. The Choctaws were the only tribe to agree withoutRead MoreAndrew Jackson And The Indian Removal Act Of Native Americans778 Words à |à 4 PagesThe Cherokee Indians are one of the most well-known American Indian tribes here in the U.S. However, once the Europeans came to the new world and started to expand their territory, this did not bode well for them. Many tribes were enraged by the expansion into Native American lands. Even when the Europeans had promised that they would not encroach onto their lands. Gold was said to be on the lands of the Cher okee and this made the Europeans want to break their promise to the Indians even more soRead MoreNative American Perspective on Indian Removal Act807 Words à |à 4 PagesIn May 1830, Congress passed the Indian Removal Act which forced Native American tribes to move west. Some Indians left swiftly, while others were forced to to leave by the United States Army. Some were even taken away in chains. Andrew Jackson, the seventh president of the United States, strongly reinforced this act. In the Second State of the Union Address, Jackson advocated his Indian Policy. There was controversy as to whether the removal of the Native Americans was justified under the administrationRead MoreAndrew Jackson And The Removal Policy820 Words à |à 4 PagesStates; Andrew Jackson, was not only notorious for his success as a general but also for his actions as president. The Removal Policy is still discussed today because of the question of whether or not the removal of Native Americans benefited t hem or not. The intent of Jacksons actions is controversial because it is not clear if he acted in the best interest of Native Americans or for white settlers. Robert Reminis writing Andrew Jackson and his Indian Wars he concludes that Jacksons removal act wasRead MoreAndrew Jackson : Good President845 Words à |à 4 PagesPresident Andrew Jackson Andrew Jackson helped to provide for a strong protection of popular democracy and individual liberty to the United States. Andrew Jackson known as the peopleââ¬â¢s president held a strong emotion in the states rightââ¬â¢s which advocated to the increase of executive power. President Andrew Jackson was good for his country, because he provided certain decisions that helped form America into a better place than where it was before. President Andrew Jackson showed significant positivesRead MoreThe Causes Of The Indian Removal Act?779 Words à |à 4 PagesPresident Andrew Jackson urged the Congress to pass the Indian Removal Act of 1830. The Indian Removal Act was also known as The Trail of Tears. This act gave the government the power to force Native Americans to relocate from their homes and properties to west of the Mississippi River. The government desired their land. ââ¬Å"Georgia tried to reclaim this land in 1830, but the Cherokee protested and took the case to the U.S. S upreme Court. The Court decided in favor of the Cherokee, however, the PresidentRead MoreAndrew Jackson s Indian Removal Policy1379 Words à |à 6 PagesAndrew Jacksonââ¬â¢s Indian Removal Policy Known as a highly regarded military general, Andrew Jackson was justified in his signing of the Indian Removal Act of 1830, because it allowed for the expansion of America by land acquisition and economic growth while at the same time protecting the culture of the American Indian tribes from total extinction. During the early 1800s, America, a newly born nation, was growing in a hurry. In order to compensate for this growth, America neededRead MoreThe Indian Removal Act of 18301123 Words à |à 5 PagesTHE INDIAN REMOVAL ACT OF 1830 Migdalia Tuero HIST101: American History to 1877 Professor Kathleen Davis February 13, 2014 There are several historical events and issues that have impacted the contemporary political development among American history. In the history of America one of these groups are the Native Americans. The white man throughout the South called for a removal of the Indian peoples. They wanted the Native Indians to be resettled to the west because their presence createdRead MoreAndrew Jackson Indian Removeal Policy Essay1197 Words à |à 5 PagesWas Andrew Jacksons Indian Removal Policy Motivated by Humanitarian Impulses? Authors: Anthony F. C. Wallace, Robert V. Remini, A Summary By: History 2111 Summer 2011 A summary comparison of views regarding the Indian Removal Act of 1830, Was it an act of humanitarianism intended to help and save the Native American culture from the white settlers, as Robert V. Remini has argued? Or was his intent to destroy the tribal culture and to get rid of the Native Americans, as Anthony F.C Wallace
Tuesday, May 5, 2020
Crazy Love by Michael Buble free essay sample
Michael Buble. Where to start? Although a lot of people would think of him as a jazz artist and think that they dont like jazz. Yes, there are some songs in the style of jazz on the album but there are also pop songs on his latest album Crazy Love. He surprised me last year when I first heard his music. My Mum first got me to like him and I thought, ugh not a pop artist (because Im really into rock music), but I had a listen and really liked him! Not only does he write his own songs, but he has an amazing, strong voice! The songs I particularly like by him (from his other albums) are; Cry Me A River, Crazy Love, Everything, Hold On, Havent Met You Yet, Lost and Home. So have a listen, interpret and enjoy!! Crazy Love by Michael Buble free essay sample As times change, usually so does music. From buffalo-skin drums to pan flutes to Mozart, from Sinatra to Van Halen to the Jonas Brothers, music shifts to match the ages and innovations. When it comes to music, we rarely look back to appreciate the songs that got us where we are today. And what does this leave us with? An insatiable craving for new, better, and different music. But what about the classics? The swing bands? What happened to them? They slowly blend into the recesses of the musical graveyard. Occasionally, though, a singer steps up to the challenge of bringing back the classics. Young, talented Michael Buble is the man for the job. On ââ¬Å"Crazy Love,â⬠Buble masterfully mixes songs of the past with his own flavor, voice, and style, including a few of his own tunes. As I put in his CD, I had no idea what to expect. We will write a custom essay sample on Crazy Love by Michael Buble or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I had never heard of Michael Buble and I knew no classic swing songs. I immediately fell in love with the first song, ââ¬Å"Cry Me a River,â⬠a spin on a classic big-band song, with a James Bond flavor. Next came Bubles cover of Frank Sinatras ââ¬Å"All of Me.â⬠I instantly appreciated the swing and rhythm of this song as well as Bubles wonderful, full-range voice. The next songs, ââ¬Å"Georgia on My Mindâ⬠and ââ¬Å"Crazy Love,â⬠both covers of popular older tunes, caught my attention, as the soft, easygoing songs bored me. ââ¬Å"Havent Met You Yet,â⬠written by Buble, climbed its way up the charts, letting the world know his voice and name. ââ¬Å"All I Do Is Dream of Youâ⬠is one that was also sung by Bubles predecessors, including Judy Garland, Ella Fitzgerald, and Dean Martin. It has a fun, upbeat melody and uplifting lyrics. ââ¬Å"Hold Onâ⬠is an emotional song that reaches into the listeners heart to inspire love and our will to let it live. ââ¬Å"Heartache Tonightâ⬠is fun to sing along to, and whether most people realize it or not, they probably know a few words, considering The Eagles sang it decades ago. My favorite is ââ¬Å"Youre Nobody Till Somebody Loves You,â⬠a classic once performed by Frank Sinatra. Buble adds his own style, transforming it into a different song. Throughout ââ¬Å"Crazy Love,â⬠the listener can experience the swing and big-band feeling, with blaring trumpets, powerful bass, and smooth clarinets and trombones. Every so often, as I listen to these songs, Im taken back to the 1940s, where I imagine myself with Frank Sinatra and Ella Fitzgerald, listening to a smooth, jazzy song sung by a classy, suited man. These daydreams dont last long as the twenty-first century commotion and craziness bring me back. But at the end of the day, its wonderful to know that I can escape into the past and feel relaxed as Michael Bubles ââ¬Å"Crazy Loveâ⬠echoes in my head.
Thursday, April 16, 2020
The role of morphemes in the English language
Every day we use the language in order to express our opinion and in order to understand what we hear from others. The conventional use of language involves the knowledge of grammar, spelling, language in use, etc. However, sometimes the general rules are violated with different purposes. One of the cases is a word play.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The role of morphemes in the English language specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Word play can often be met in our daily life. For example, in the television show ââ¬Å"A Charlie Brown Christmasâ⬠, the cartoonist Charlez Schulz presented a scenario, in which Linus tells Charlie Brown: ââ¬Å"Of all the Charlie Browns in the world, youââ¬â¢re the Charlie Browniest.â⬠This sentence is with no doubt an example of excellent sense of humor. However, what is more obvious, Charlez Schulz is a professional writer, who knows how to use all the tools offered by l anguage to achieve the desired stylistic effects. For instance, in this concrete example the writer used some morphemes in order to make the sentence sound funny. The first proof is the word ââ¬Å"Brownsâ⬠. The author used the morpheme ââ¬Å"sâ⬠, which in English language is applied to denote the plurality. Despite the fact that the sentence was addressed to a concrete person, and there is no other person similar to the addressee, the writer points to the plurality of the name. Such paradox emphasizes the uniqueness of the person, meaning that there is a little chance for existence of many Charlie Browns in the world. Another unusual use of morphemes is observed in the second mentioning of the name. Charlez Schulz uses the phrase ââ¬Å"the Charlie Browniestâ⬠. Here the morpheme ââ¬Å"estâ⬠at the end of the surname is added by the author. This morpheme is traditionally used in the English language in order to show the highest level of comparison. Thus, the message of this morpheme is that the addressee has the most characteristic features and qualities of Charlie Brown. Instead of writing a long explanation, the author preferred to use one morpheme to express this idea. Interestingly, the use of the morpheme ââ¬Å"estâ⬠plays one more role in this sentence. The personal noun, which denoted the name of a personal, changed its grammatical category into general. Indeed, while ââ¬Å"Charlie Brownâ⬠is a personal noun, the word phrase ââ¬Å"the Charlie Browniestâ⬠means that there are other Charlie Brown, or people having more or less qualities of Charlie Brown. This changed ââ¬Å"Charlie Brownâ⬠into a general notion.Advertising Looking for essay on linguistics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Another peculiar detail about using the morpheme ââ¬Å"estâ⬠in this case is that it is used with a noun. In fact, such use of this morpheme is unacceptable, as f ar as this morpheme can only be used with adjectives. If so, than what does the word ââ¬Å"Charlie Brownâ⬠mean? If the author wants us to treat this word combination as an adjective, than what qualities should it represent? In any case, the listeners are left to decide. The author was directed not with the grammar rules but with his own vision of the words and their meaning. As a result, words changed their grammatical categories, subcategories, properties, and changed their lexical meaning. All these transformations helped the cartoonist to achieve the desired effect in the sentence. As we can see, the role of morphemes in the English language cannot be underestimated. Being the smallest part of the spoken and written language, it can have a huge impact on the meaning of the words and sentences, make them either sophisticated or witty, formal or jargon, etc. The example of Charlez Schulzââ¬â¢s scenario proves the stated above information. This essay on The role of morphemes in the English language was written and submitted by user Aydan Y. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.
Friday, March 13, 2020
buy custom Historys Largest Lessons essay
buy custom History's Largest Lessons essay Donald Kagan argument on how historical analogy is still necessary in the understanding of the security interests of nations especially in relation to war is a sure prove that history has away of repeating itself. The basic historical formats are still being employed in war and other issues though the timing and events tend to differ. This is evident in the way human kinds react to the waging war demands in every era. It is clear that the reaction is surprisingly similar in many ways with all aimed at protecting the nations interests. The most striking similarity is in the choice of statesmen and soldiers. This similarity can be traced thousands of years back. At times, the usefulness of history come in handy in comprehending the modern times making this the subject of skepticism. Professor Kagan comes to the defense of history by claiming that for us to understand the modern world, there is no other surer source than to take lessons from history. A prove to the above argument is how the past relates to the modern statesmen. There is no way the modern life can manage to evade the inclusion of history as most of its judgment depends on the likelihood of recurrences. Human behavior is made up of both contacts and discontinuities and without the two, our capacities to function in the modern world would have disappeared. A good example of this is the Peloponnesian War which later relates to the origins and causes of the First World War, the World War II and the Punic War (Kagan 2009). The relation of these wars clearly indicates that the historical analogues are not prone to obsolescence. There is a great similarity in the nature of problems and what motivates people to fight. The two have remained constant which is amazing as the same was witnessed even in the nuclear age. The main difference between the modern and the ancient times is in the economic reorganization that has been brought by industrial and Agriculture revolutions. The quest of power is another sure prove of the greatest lessons learned from history. The main reason for war is to gain power and have personal wills prevail. Today, Britain and the United States as well as most of the European countries regard power as being inherently evil. Power has been appreciated as being morally neutral with most of the historical nations concerned with increasing and maintaining their power. This can still be witnessed in the twentieth century in relation to the United States avoidance and outbreak of war in this era. A good example is the collapse of the reversed power initially held by Russia leaving the United States to look at her as diminished country that is supposed to protract or appease its powerlessness (Ozment and Kagan 2009). Another example is China as a nation with both prosperity and strength from her rich history. China history is credited for its arrogance, brusque and aggressiveness in the way it dealt with its neighbors. The modern America is the best representation of the new form of history. It brags of the strongest military power and greatest economic power today. This is an indication that the twentieth centaury history is marked with tremendous interest to maintain a status quo by being in a position to retain great power in the world. This can only be achieved by directing the course of events and avoid counting on the current fortunes while reacting to passive positions. America was keen in her reaction to specific situations and that showed any power dissipation can only lead to lack of proper track of events thus no history. Taking an example of the position taken by both the parties in the United States about the Vietnam War, there were a lot of disagreements on the position taken by either side but after the cold war, both sides became prone to embracing policies on international disengagement (Kagan 2000). The current American military is still displaying similar interest as those witnes sed during the Vietnam War. The maritime strategies used during that war are still viable and are being used in the nations submarine and airpower forces. Thus it is evident that the modern world activities are being guided by the many lessons learned from our rich history. Buy custom History's Largest Lessons essay
Tuesday, February 25, 2020
Critically discuss the similarities and differences between the Great Essay
Critically discuss the similarities and differences between the Great Irish Famine and recent famines of Africa and Asia - Essay Example This definition focuses on the failure of that particular region to deal with the symptoms of famine. It also focuses on the role played by the market; accounting for changes in market demands which hence impacts what happens in the local markets. Many of these regions hit by famines are particularly sensitive to world prices, mostly because they themselves are very small and so cannot influence prices. What is lacking in this definition however is that it does not explain clearly that famine is the end product of a long process whereby people slowly lose access to food. Another aspect lacking in this definition is that it does not explain the breakdown of social support systems, where reciprocity and goodwill slowly start to disappear under the increasingly stressful system. While high death rates are what mark a famine, the increased disunity and societal collapse are inevitable end results of this phenomenon. Atkins (2009) discusses how difficult it is to define the term famine. I n order to measure this phenomenon, he argues that the intensity of it would be looked at. Devereux (1998) looks at two other perspectives on what famine is. One view sees famine as a natural disaster; the result is a lack of food and the cause is failed policy measures by the state or market interventions that were unable to achieve the purpose it had intended. The other definition does not include famine as a natural occurrence. Rather, it sees famine as resulting from successful policy measures by the state ââ¬â it views the state as essentially repressive and as wanting to keep a tight control over its population. Also, this view on famine blames the international community as being opportunistic and apathetic, helping only when an internal benefit to itself is seen. The former definition is an outsider perspective, arguing that the cause of famine lies in the food distribution system and has nothing to do with repressive political regimes
Sunday, February 9, 2020
Canada's Maple Leaf Bust Crack Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words
Canada's Maple Leaf Bust Crack - Essay Example Articles by the media in the summer of 2008 covered reports on the outbreak showing colorful slips of a ââ¬Ëlisteriosis investigationââ¬â¢ eventually turned to entire wrenched, gray pieces such as ââ¬Å"Sorry Situationâ⬠(Brent, 2008). In December following the summer which became a funeral mourning 22 million deaths upon the eating of cold-cuts sold by Maple Leaf Foodââ¬â¢s two tainted lines at the entityââ¬â¢s Toronto headquarters, a $27 million-dollar class action lawsuit disabling a company which had already suffered a deficit that semester, the report fell that safety measures had shattered. Litigation inched its way into the top Canadian food-processing industry as the sentient illness forced its way across papers, the public opinion crying out a public timeline: ââ¬Å"Listeriosis Outbreak in Toronto Now Linked to Five Deathsâ⬠(Ewing, 2008) in August, ââ¬Å"Sorry Situationâ⬠(Brent, 2008), for Septemberââ¬â¢s glow, and Octoberââ¬â¢s gold-ree l, ââ¬Å"Maple Leaf finds new listeria casesâ⬠(Elliott, 2008). President and chief-executive of the mega multi-billion dollar service-issuer in a clear concise way emulated a stream of heartfelt warmth to the public betwixt the sparkling timeline filled with protocol and positive results. In 2004 an article by Salvage entitled, ââ¬Å"Petite hams pack a punch: smaller products are designed for on-the-go families,â⬠excited consumers before four years along the timeline later another enchantment, ââ¬Å"Maple Leaf designs pigs for marketsâ⬠(Bertin, 2001), again stole the market. ... Total net revenue earnings were stunted by comparison with the previous year of 2005 in the range of $48.6 million and $815.9 million as opposed to the prior offsetting $101.9 and $800.8 million of agribusiness income and sales. Yet a hardwood-smoked, boneless, two pound ham offered a beautiful competition, on which a new sensation was being brought up, which elevated flexibility, color-binding, color and protein maximization at the foreground of a link between restructuring costs and Maple Leaf food designs, which was gaining speed in the race of the farmerââ¬â¢s market phenomenon. As all members of the now global indiscriminate ravager that has made its unique debut as the food industry must fall under the trick eventually, all facets indubitably must be tempted by that dollar which is called progress. Maple Leaf Incorporations won a nationally-esteemed award which bounded off its renovated products in 2011. While unpredictability should no doubt be a factor after the outbreak t wo years earlier, Canadaââ¬â¢s grocer spontaneously waltzed to the front of the better end of its crisis quite literally, as the informational media announcement on paper specified in the heading called, ââ¬Å"Contrite Maple Leaf vaults to forefront of food safety,â⬠Sperberââ¬â¢s 2010 praise that detailed managementââ¬â¢s proactive response to the fiasco two years prior. Even still Maple Leafââ¬â¢s attempts at safety protocols and mandates before the widespread incident was in a small way commendable. In a spill of paramount thanks to the companyââ¬â¢s chief executive and President Michael McCain, who inarguably urged to employ higher-tech equipment to ensure 2002 meat safety, Maple Leaf won the Annual Food Safety Leadership Award in 2006. Such cannot provide though, to that
Thursday, January 30, 2020
Frictions between Parents and Children Essay Example for Free
Frictions between Parents and Children Essay Family is an essential part of every personââ¬â¢s life and of our society. Family is a little world with its own values and priorities. Close families share dreams, ideas, hopes and even possessions, and itââ¬â¢s a good side of being a family. However, as usual, every good thing can have its drawbacks. Same with families: they can often have different types of problems. One of the most frequent and common problems is the misunderstanding between parents and children, due to the difference of generations. This problem is especially acute with teenagers, who want to have more freedom, to express their self-identity in a way they want to. Honour your mother and father and you will live long and be well, if not, you will die ââ¬â says the Bible. Some families are happy, some are dead. It seems to me the reason is misunderstanding of each other in the family. One more thing, teenagers can take on most of the rights and responsibilities of adulthood. Before this occurs, however, they go through the period of adolescence and most of them experience conflicts at that time. They change rapidly both physically and emotionally and they search self-identity as they grow up and become more independent. Sometimes teenagers develop interests and values different from those of their parents. That sets a conflict between two generations, which leads to a gap in mutual understanding. Traditional disagreements are: the time to come home at night, doing work about the house and the friends to spend time with. Id like to point out, that teens face a number of problems: drinking alcohol or using drugs. Moreover, some children run away from their homes. Most of them return after a few days or weeks, but some turn to crime and become juvenile delinquents. Im convinced that sometimes parents do not care about their children. It is exactly at that age when young people need a piece of advice or help. Parents should help their children and find the right approach to them so as to make everything clear. Being able to view the problems more rationally, they should try to do their best to resolve them. We need to learn to talk our problems over in our family. If we are able to do it, everything will be all right.
Wednesday, January 22, 2020
Mythical Gods :: essays research papers
Mythical Gods Zeus - GÃ ¸d of the sky, the clouds, and the rain. Normally seen holding a thunderbolt. Represented by an Eagle. Married Hera and had many children from many affairs. Poseidon - Brother of Zeus, and ruler of the sea. Seen with a trident and connected to horses and bulls. Hera - Sister and wife of Zeus. Protector of marriage and ally of married women. Cow and Peacock were important to her. Hades - Ruler of the underworld and of the dead. Also lord of wealth (his Latin name means rich). Owned a helmet that made people invisible. Married Persephone who became queen of the underworld. Athena - Born from the head of Zeus in full armor without a mother She was his favorite child. The Goddess of the City she domesticated horses for human use. Represented by owl and olive tree. Apollo - Love child of Zeus and Leto. GÃ ¸d of music, art, archery, and sometimes the sun. Portrayed as many animals, crow and dolphin to name a few. Artemis - Twin sister of Apollo. Goddess of the wild and hunter for the GÃ ¸ds. Partial to all woodland creatures especially the deer. Aphrodite - Goddess of Love and of Beauty. Born from the foam of the sea. Irresistible to man and to GÃ ¸d alike. Represented as a dove or a swan. Hermes - Grandson of Atlas. Messenger of Zeus. Shown wearing a small helmet and sandals with wings on them. Also an expert theif. Most commonly used GÃ ¸d in all mythology. Ares - GÃ ¸d of war. Hated by his parents, Zeus and Hera. Most ruthless and forceful of the GÃ ¸ds. Shown as the vulture and as the dog. Hephaestus - GÃ ¸d of Fire. Often said to be ugly as opposed to the other rulers. Created women out of gold that helped him at home with his chores. Hestia - The Goddess of the hearth or the home.
Monday, January 13, 2020
Hero Honda Success
ââ¬ËMotorcycles are a hit in rural areas' Monday, April 15, 2002 Many continue to be surprised at the ability of India ââ¬Ës 2-wheeler segment to buck the present recessionary trend in the economy. What, they ask themselves, accounts for such resilience: competitive pricing? Quality? Technology? Or, is it ready availability? Mr. Brijmohan Lall Munjal, chairman, Hero Group of Companies, addresses some of these issues in an interview with Soumya Kanti Mitra. What makes the 2-wheeler segment so impervious to demand fluctuations? A 2-wheeler is the most necessary consumer durable good owned by lower Middle, and middle class, households. There is multiple ownership of this product in such households. Firstly, there is an income effect that influences 2-wheeler demand. Per Capita GDP growth of 3. 7 per cent per annum has been pushing households up into higher income brackets. The push effect is more in lower and middle- income groups ââ¬â hence the increased demand. It also links up with the higher contributions of the service sector to GDP; the income impact of that has been greater on lower income households. A second major reason is the inadequate public transport. The percentage of people who use public transport has fallen from 85 per cent to 75. Entry-level transport options like two- and three-wheelers have mostly filled this gap. They have also become a sort of necessity and thus do not show heavy fluctuations in demand. Increased demand for two-wheelers from households has also led financial institutions to increase credit in a sustained way in the last three or four years. That too has imparted stability to this item, compared to others. A good proportion of sales owes to replacement demand. Are motorcycles gaining an edge over scooters? What is your experience as a market leader? There are few fresh issues with scooters. Firstly, the technology was dated. Secondly, most were two-stroke vehicles, less fuel-efficient compared to motorcycles. The only advantage was that one could carry along a spare tyre. But motor- cycles have been preferred in rural areas for better ground clearance, larger wheels and better suspension. They can easily be used on rough roads. Scooters are preferred in urban segments. New generation vehicles with four-stroke engines may soon hit the market and that will boost the sagging scooter market. For the last two years scooters sales have been less than a million per annum. Are you, and others in the industry, planning changes in output and investment? Considering the developments in household incomes and transport requirements we believe that the average annual growth of 2-wheelers for the next three years should be of around 8-10 per cent. There is over-capacity, but investments may be made in individual instances. The demand for motorcycles, however, is expected to grow by 15-18 per cent. That should attract investments. Abroad, certain top-end models in BMW's, Honda's or Ducati's ranges have actually become ââ¬Ëlifestyle' statements for executives. Do you see anything like that happening in India ? The next 2-3 years may see a small beginning with the introduction of high-end motorcycles. But the concept is too early for India . We do not have nice roads where the customer can ride such high-end bikes. With affordability not being widespread, who will manufacture to cater to such small volumes? We may see some inroads after imports get fully liberalised, but I think it is early days for that. Are exports from the sector under siege owing to the international slowdown? That could be a major factor. Also, there is over capacity in most countries in the 2- wheeler industry. Markets in Latin America and Africa are impacted, while intra- Asian trade is very competitive.
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